For Screenwriters - Does Your Character Have to Be Likable? A Close Look at Audiard's A Prophet

p>There are many reasons to brave the shockingAt that moment, your heart breaks for Cesar.
violence of Thomas Bidigain and Jacques Audiard'sEven as you feel the emotion, you're shocked that it's
new film, A Prophet (Un Prophete). This brilliantlyeven possible to feel this way. After all, this is the man
crafted screenplay, which takes you into the brutalwho targeted the young Malik, without provocation, and
world of a French prison through its main character,brutalized him until Malik was forced to bend to his will.
Malik, makes the prison world of The ShawshankThis is the man who forced Malik to commit the
Redemption look like daycare. As you follow Malik'sbloody murder that changed him forever, in a scene so
haunting and deeply affecting journey, you are forcedshockingly violent that the man in front of me at the
to empathize with people and actions you wouldtheatre started whimpering and waving his hands in
normally consider unforgivable, and discover thefront of his face, unable to contain his visceral reaction.
humanity in characters whose defining traits are notThis is a man who has nearly removed Malik's eye
only immoral, but downright horrific.with a spoon, has beaten him, humiliated him, corrupted
As screenwriters and screenwriting students, wehim, brutalized him, called him an Arab dog, and treated
often worry about the "like-ability" of our mainhim like a slave. A criminal, a racist, a brutal, corrupt
characters. In fact, entire books (Blake Snyder's Saveman without a noble or kind bone in his body.
The Cat for example) have been crafted around theHow is it possible that you can feel this way about this
principle that unless your main character is a "nice"truly horrible person? Can your heart really be breaking
person-- a saver of cats, a lover of children, a hookerfor him?
with a heart of gold-- an audience will be unable toOf course it can.
connect with them or care about them. Writers whoYour heart breaks because you know Malik's heart is
cling to this principle often find themselves cut off frombreaking. And of course it is. Because at this moment,
their characters, and with them, from their writer'sMalik is losing the best parts of himself: his compassion,
voice. Much as we often do in our personal lives, suchhis humanity, and even more.
writers find themselves covering up their character'sThis orphan, this troubled child, raised in a group home
"true self" for fear of offending some unknownwithout ever knowing his father or mother, is losing the
audience who might judge, hate, or worst of all, stoponly father he ever had.
caring about a character who doesn't conform toCesar may have been a terrible father. But he is
society's ideals.nonetheless a father. He has protected Malik, provided
The result, of course, is boring, lifeless, one-dimensionalfor his physical needs, given him protection, opportunity,
characters, who neither live, breathe, nor makepower, access, leave-days from prison, and even the
mistakes: characters who are less real than the peoplepossibility of parole. He has bestowed affection and
who write them, and therefore not worthy of ourpraise. He has turned Malik into a man-- and into an
attention. Building your movie around a character likeimage of himself.
this is like taking a cruise in a leaky boat. Without a realIn my classes, I often talk about archetypal structure:
character around whom to build your structure, you'reusing supporting characters in a Jungian fashion to
going to spend most of your time bailing out water.reveal the repressed aspects of your main character,
You spend all your time trying to create a characterand to force your main character to come to terms
who is likable-- only to discover that nobody likes themwith the parts of himself that he doesn't want to even
anyway.admit are there. In true archetypal fashion, Cesar is
So how do Bidigain and Audiard get away with it?both the biggest threat to Malik-- the key to unlocking
How do they manage to make an audience fall in lovethe darkest aspects Malik's personality-- and the loving
with a cast of horrible people-- while you can't evenfather Malik so desperately needs.
get anyone to care about the most noble character inAnd at this moment, Malik has murdered him.
your whole movie?He's done so literally, by betraying Cesar to the
Read on.powerful Italian crime boss that Cesar had plotted to
But first, a spoiler alert. If you haven't already seen Akill, and metaphorically, by leaving the old man trembling
Prophet get yourself to a theatre! This movie is wayin the yard at the moment he most needs him.
too good to miss. And far too instructive as well.For just as Cesar has been an archetypal father for
To understand how Bidigain and Audiard can makeMalik, so too has Malik been the closest thing Cesar
your heart break for characters who should, by everyhas had to a son.
definition, be "un-likable", we only need to examine oneAnd at this moment, Cesar is losing him.
scene. It comes toward the end of the movie. CesarThat's why, at this moment, you find yourself silently
Luciani, the white-haired Corsican crime boss, haspleading with Malik.
spotted Malik, our hero, in the yard, standing with hisGo to him. Go to him. Don't leave him there, trembling
new Muslim friends. This is a huge change, especially inon the ground.
the racially charged atmosphere of the prison. Up untilA "like-able" character would do it. He'd run to Cesar,
now, Malik has spent every day in the yard withembrace him like a father, and the two men would be
Cesar, forsaking his own Arab people for thereconciled, like Billy Elliot and his own terrible father
protection of Cesar's Corsican gang. But today,after the final dance sequence.
everything is different. Though Cesar doesn't yet knowMalik doesn't. He makes the "unlikeable" decision. And
it, Malik has betrayed him. Cesar's once powerfulyou understand. You empathize. And you care.
connections, both inside and outside the prison, areBecause Malik doesn't have a choice. He has to steel
gone. Malik is the only thing he has left.his heart against Cesar, or Cesar will destroy him.
Cesar gestures to Malik with a gentle nod of his headYou empathize, because Malik is struggling with the
to come over. But Malik doesn't move. Cesar nodssame desire you are feeling as you watch him. The
again, more desperate now. Still no response fromvoice in his head saying Go to him. That desperate
Malik.desire we all have: to reconcile with those who have
Cesar makes a decision. He stands up, and walksmost hurt us, to be a compassionate person, to have
across the yard toward Malik, crossing the invisible lineeverything be okay.
that divides the Corsican from the Muslim prisonEmpathy doesn't come from like-ability. Just like back in
population. Malik sends two thugs to intercept Cesar,high school. Remember that annoying kid who always
but the old man pushes right past them. As weakenedwanted to hang out with you? It didn't matter how nice
as he may be, we know what Cesar can do-- hishe was. You didn't want to spend time with him.
limitless capacity for violence. And at this moment,Because he wasn't being himself. He was being who
seeing how much power remains in the old man, wehe thought you wanted him to be.
fear for Malik. It seems like truly nothing can stopEmpathy comes from allowing your characters to be
Cesar.who they are, and to pursue what they most want
And then, one swift punch from a nameless thug, andand need, against impossible odds.
Cesar is lying on the ground, writhing in agony, exposedEmpathy comes when you make it hard, and allow
for exactly what he is-- an old man for whose onlyyour characters to make the decisions, right or wrong,
remaining connection in the world has just beenthat only they can make.
severed.