How to Read a W-2

Ah, it’s that time of the year again… tax time! Thethe total amount of EIC you will receive as a tax
time of year when you receive forms you can barelyrefund. Employees with advance EIC payments must
understand and hope that you get money backfile Form 1040A or Form 1040.
instead of owing.Box 10: Dependent Care Benefits. Box 10 reports any
Fortunately, we can help you out on both those issues:amounts reimbursed for dependent care expenses, or
We can explain your W-2 and assist you if you needthe dollar value of dependent care services provided
tax debt help. First, reading your W-2…by your employer. Amounts under $5,000 are
THE W-2non-taxable benefits. Any amount over $5,000 is
A W-2 is the form you get at the end of the year thatreported as taxable wages in Boxes 1, 3, and 5.
is used to report taxable wages and withheld taxes.Non-taxable benefits must be excluded from
Employers have a deadline of January 31st to sendexpenses claimed for the child and dependent care
out this form. If you do not get it soon after the 31st,tax credit on IRS Form 2441.
check out this W-2 article.Box 11: Nonqualified Plans. Box 11 reports any amounts
And now to the good stuff…distributed to you from your employer’s
Box 1: Wages, tips, and other compensation. Box 1non-qualified deferred compensation plan or
reports your total taxable wages for federal incomenon-government Section 457 pension plan. The
tax purposes. This figure includes your wages, salary,amount in Box 11 is already included as taxable wages
tips you reported, bonuses, and other taxablein Box 1.
compensation. Any taxable fringe benefits (such asBox 12: Deferred Compensation and Other
group term life insurance) are also included in your BoxCompensation. There are several types of
1 wages.compensation and benefits that can be reported in
Box 12. Box 12 will report a single letter or double letter
Box 2: Federal income tax withheld. Box 2 reports thecode followed by a dollar amount. Here are the codes
total amount withheld from your paychecks for federalfor Box 12.
income taxes. This represents the amount of federalBox 13: Check the Box. There are three check boxes
taxes you have paid-in throughout the year.in Box 13. Boxes will be checked off if any of these
Box 3: Social Security wages. Box 3 reports the totalsituations apply to you as an employee.
amount of wages subject to Social Security taxes. For*Statutory employee means that you must report the
2005, the Social Security tax is assessed on wages ofwages from this W-2 (and any other W2 forms
$90,000 or less. If Box 3 shows an amount overmarked “statutory employee”) on Form 1040
$90,000, you will need to have your employer correctSchedule C. Your wages are not subject to income
your W-2. If your total wages are under $90,000, thentax withholding (there will be a zero or blank amount in
the amounts reported in Boxes 1 and 3 should be theBox 2), but are subject to Social Security and
same. Tips reported to your employer are not includedMedicare taxes (so Boxes 3 through 6 will be filled
in the Box 3 amount. Tip income is reported in Box 7.out). Statutory employees are strongly urged to use
The amounts in Box 3 and Box 7 should equal eithertax preparation software to calculate their taxes.
the amount in Box 1 or the $90,000 maximum wage*Retirement plan means that you participated in your
base for Social Security taxes.employer’s retirement plan during the year. This
Box 4: Social Security tax withheld. Box 4 reports themight be a 401k plan, profit-sharing plan, or pension plan.
total amount of Social Security taxes withheld fromAs a participate in a retirement plan, your ability to
your paychecks. The Social Security tax is a flat taxcontribute to a tax-deductible traditional IRA may be
rate of 6.2% for wages up to a maximum of $90,000.limited.
Wages above $90,000 are not subject to the Social*Third-party sick pay means that you received sick
Security tax. The maximum figure shown in Box 4pay under your employer’s third-party insurance
should be $5,580 ($90,000 maximum wage base timespolicy. (Instead of receiving sick pay directly from your
6.5%). If you have two or more jobs during the year,employer as part of your regular paycheck.) Sick pay
and your total wages exceed $90,000, you may haveis not included in your taxable wages.
excess Social Security taxes paid-in. You will claim theBox 14: Other Tax Information. Your employer may
excess as a refund on Form 1040, Line 67.report additional tax information in Box 14. If any
Box 5: Medicare wages and tips. Box 5 reports theamounts are reported, they will have a brief description
amount of wages subject to Medicare taxes. There isof what the amounts are for. For example, union dues,
no maximum wage base for Medicare taxes. Theemployer-paid tuition assistance, health insurance
amount shown in Box 5 may be larger than thepremiums you paid, or after-tax contributions to a
amount shown in Box 1. Medicare wages includes anyretirement plan will be reported here. Some employers
deferred compensation, 401k contributions, or otherreport certain state and local taxes in Box 14, such as
fringe benefits that are normally excluded from theState Disability Insurance (SDI) premiums.
regular income tax.Box 15: State and State Employer’s Identification.
Box 6: Medicare tax withheld. Box 6 reports theBox 15 reports your employer’s state and state
amount of taxes withheld from your paycheck for thetax identification number. If you worked for the same
Medicare tax. The Medicare tax is a flat tax rate ofemployer in multiple states, there may be multiple lines
1.45% of your total Medicare wages.of information.
Box 7: Social Security tips. Box 7 reports the amountBox 16: State wages. Box 16 reports the total amount
of tip income that you reported to your employer. Ifof taxable wages earned in that state. If you worked
you did not report tips to your employer, you will notfor the same employer in multiple state, there may be
have an amount in this box. The amounts in Box 7 andmultiple lines of information.
Box 3 should add up to the amount in Box 1, or theBox 17: State income tax withheld. Box 17 reports the
$90,000 maximum wage limit for Social Security taxes.total amount of state income taxes withheld from your
Box 8: Allocated tips. Box 8 reports any tip incomepaychecks for the wages reported in Box 16.
that your employer thinks you may have earned, butBox 18: Local wages. Box 18 reports the total amount
failed to report. This amount is not included in theof wages subject to local, city, or other state income
wages reported in Boxes 1, 3, 5, or 7. Instead, you musttaxes.
add this to your taxable wages on Form 1040 Line 7,Box 19: Local income tax withheld. Box 19 reports the
and must calculate your Social Security and Medicaretotal amount of taxes withheld from your paychecks
taxes on this tip income using IRS Form 4137 (PDF).for local, city, or other state income taxes.
Taxpayers with any amount shown in Box 8,Box 20: Locality name. Box 20 provides a brief
Allocated Tips, should seek the advice of a taxdescription of the local, city, or other state tax being
preparer to figure out the best strategy for handlingpaid. The description may identify a particular city, or
this situation. Employees with allocated tips must filemay identify a state tax such as State Disability
Form 1040.Insurance (SDI) payments.
Box 9: Advance EIC payment. Box 9 reports anyTAX DEBT HELP
advance against your Earned Income Tax Credit paidIf after filing you owe more tax than you can afford, or
to you by your employer. This only happens if youif you anticipate owing more than you can afford,
submitted IRS Form W-5 requesting your employer tocheck out our Tax Debt Solution page on for help in
add a portion of your anticipated EIC to yourdetermining which debt solution is right for you.
paycheck. Advance EIC payments are repaid on FormGood luck!
1040 as an additional tax payment, where it offsets