Know Thy Food Label

r you're concerned about cancer, cardiovascularFood labels also include information about how much
disease, diabetes, or simply losing weight, you want tosugar and protein is in the food. If you are following a
eat a healthy diet and focus on foods that are high inlow-sugar diet or you're monitoring your protein intake,
vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients, and balanced init's easy to spot how much of those nutrients are
fats, carbs, proteins. There is only one way tocontained in one serving. Vitamins, Minerals and Other
incorporate healthy foods into our diet and that is toInformation The light purple part of the label lists
make the decision to do it! Practical information aboutnutrients, vitamins and minerals in the food and their
the nutrition and safety of the foods we consume ispercent daily values. Try to average 100% DV every
absolutely vital in making this decision. One way today for vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fiber. Do
learn more about what we eat, is to snoop around thethe opposite with fat, saturated fat, sodium and
supermarket. Check-out package labels to see whatcholesterol. Try to eat less than 100% DV of these.
manufactures are adding (or removing) from the foodsCommon Mistakes to Avoid When Reading a Food
we eat. Read the information on the package andLabel Until you become accustomed to reading food
start making comparisons to determine which foodslabels, it's easy to become confused. Avoid these
are the best for YOU. Know about nutritional labelingcommon mistakes when reading labels: -A label may
and the sometimes sneaky ways that manufacturerssay that the food is reduced fat or reduced sodium.
have of hiding what is in the food. Know andThat means that the amount of fat or sodium has
understand ingredient declarations, how they are used,been reduced by 25% from the original product. It
and what a few of the "technical" terms mean. Aredoesn't mean, however, that the food is low in fat or
the unfamiliar ingredients good or bad for your health?sodium. For example, if a can of soup originally had
Since 1994 food manufacturers have been required by1,000 milligrams of sodium, the reduced sodium product
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to includewould still be a high-sodium food. -Don't confuse the %
food labels (or Nutrition Facts labels) on productDV for fat with the percentage of calories from fat. If
packaging so that consumers have accurate nutritionalthe % DV is 15% that doesn't mean that 15% of the
information about the food they purchase. But foodcalories comes from fat. Rather, it means that you're
labels are more than just a federal requirement - onceusing up 15% of all the fat you need for a day with
you understand the information they provide, you canone serving (based on a meal plan of 2,000 calories
use food labels as a guide to planning healthier mealsper day). -Don't make the mistake of assuming that
and snacks. Food labels are required on almost allthe amount of sugar on a label means that the sugar
foods, except those that don't provide many nutrientshas been added. For example, milk naturally has sugar,
such as coffee, alcohol and spices. Although somewhich is called lactose. But that doesn't mean you
restaurants provide information about the food theyshould stop drinking milk because milk is full of other
serve, they aren't required to have labels. The FDAimportant nutrients including calcium. Reading Label
recommends that sellers provide nutritional informationLingo In addition to requiring that packaged foods
on produce, meat, poultry and seafood, but it's strictlycontain a Nutrition Facts label, the FDA also regulates
voluntary. What Is a Serving? At the top of a foodthe use of phrases and terms used on the product
label under Nutrition Facts, you'll see the serving sizepackaging. Here's a list of common phrases you may
and the number of servings in the package. The restsee on your food packaging and what they actually
of the nutrition information in the label is based on onemean. No fat or fat free - Contains less than 1/2 gram
serving. Calories, Calories From Fat and Percent Dailyof fat per serving Lower or reduced fat: Contains at
Values This part of a food label provides the caloriesleast 25 percent less per serving than the reference
per serving and the calories that come from fat. If youfood. (An example might be reduced fat cream
need to know the total number of calories you eatcheese, which would have at least 25 percent less fat
every day or the number of calories that come fromthan original cream cheese.) Low fat - Contains less
fat, this section provides that information. Rememberthan 3 grams of fat per serving. Lite - Contains 1/3 the
that this part of the label doesn't tell you whether youcalories or 1/2 the fat per serving of the original version
are eating saturated or unsaturated fat. On the rightor a similar product. No calories or calorie free -
side of a food label, you'll see a column that listsContains less than 5 calories per serving. Low calories
percentages. These percentages refer to the percent- Contains 1/3 the calories of the original version or a
daily values (%DV). Percent daily values tell you howsimilar product. Sugar free - Contains less than 1/2
much of something, whether it's fat, sugar or vitamin A,gram of sugar per serving. Reduced sugar - at least
one serving will give you compared to how much you25% less sugar per serving than the reference food.
need for the entire day. It will help you gauge theNo preservatives - Contains no preservatives
percentage of a nutrient requirement met by one(chemical or natural). No preservatives added -
serving of the product. One way to use this section ofContains no added chemicals to preserve the product.
the label is when you comparison shop. For example, ifSome of these products may contain natural
you're concerned with sodium, you can look at twopreservatives. Low sodium - Contains less than 140
foods and choose the food with the lower % DV. Aremgs of sodium per serving. No salt or salt free -
you trying to eat a low-fat diet? Look for foods thatContains less than 5 mgs of sodium per serving. High
have a lower percent daily value of fat. The %DV isfiber - 5 g or more per serving (Foods making
based on how much or how little of the key nutrientshigh-fiber claims must meet the definition for low fat, or
you should eat whether you eat 2,000 or 2,500the level of total fat must appear next to the high-fiber
calories a day. So if you eat a 2,000-calorie diet, youclaim). Good source of fiber - 2.5 g to 4.9 g. per
should eat less than 65 grams of fat in all the foodsserving. More or added fiber - Contains at least 2.5 g
you eat for the day. If you're eating 12 grams of fat inmore per serving than the reference food. With a little
your one serving of macaroni and cheese (rememberpractice, you will be able to put your new found
that's one cup), you can calculate how much fat youknowledge about food labeling to work. Reassess
have left for the day. You can use the bottom part ofyour diet and decide what needs to be changed. Start
the food label in white to compare what you areby eliminating the foods that don't measure-up to your
eating to the % DV you're allowed for that nutrient,nutritional wants and needs, and replacing them with
whether it's fat, sodium or fiber. If you need more ormore nutritional substitutes. And while you're at it, visit
less than 2,000 or 2,500 calories, you'll need to adjustthe FDA website and learn about the new labeling
this accordingly. Nutrients Fat, Sugar, Sodium andrequirements, including those for "trans" fat. Like
Carbohydrate The sections on a food label shows thesaturated fats, trans fats can raise levels of
name of a nutrient and the amount of that nutrientlow-density lipoproteins (LDL) and increase your risk of
provided by one serving of food. You may need toheart disease. The "Nutrition Facts" panel on food
know this information, especially if you have high bloodpackaging must provide this information beginning
pressure, diabetes or are eating a diet that restrictsJanuary 1, 2006, but most manufacturers will start
certain nutrients such as sodium or carbohydrates.providing it sooner.