QuickBooks Tip: Employees vs. Independent Contractors

The days when a small business could ignore the risks- Did the worker invest in the facilities used in
of having misclassified workers are over. performing services?
Unfortunately, some employers improperly classify their- Does the worker makes his or her services available
employees as independent contractors to avoid theto the other businesses?
pain associated with having employees, namely:- How do you pay the worker?
- Payroll taxes- Can the worker can realize a profit or incur a loss?
- Minimum wage or overtime requirementsType of Relationship
- Other wage and hour law requirements, like providingThese facts show how the business and the worker
meal periods and rest breaksperceive their relationship.
- Reimbursable business expenses employees incur in- Do you have written contracts describing the
performing their jobsrelationship the parties intended to create?
Additionally, employers don't have to cover- Is the worker available to perform services for other,
independent contractors under workers’similar businesses?
compensation insurance, and are not liable for- Do you provide the worker with employee–type
payments under unemployment insurance, disabilitybenefits, such as insurance, a pension plan, vacation
insurance, or social security.pay, or sick pay?
It's true, the expenses associated with employees are- How permanent is the relationship?
high. However, the cost of misclassifying workers is- Are the services performed by the worker a key
even higher.  If your contractors are determined toaspect of your business?
really be employees you will not only be required toYou'd think that a written contract detailing that you
pay the taxes and fees you should've, you may alsoand your worker agree that you are not creating an
be required to pay the employee's taxes as well.  Notemployer-employee relationship is all that's needed, but
to mention the stiff penalties and interest that can beunfortunately this isn't the case.  It may certainly help,
imposed by both federal and state agencies forespecially is you subsequently issue a 1099 form
violating the various laws.instead of a W-2 form, but even this doesn't
This is no small matter and is on the radar of everyguarantee protection.
government agency out there, all of whom are- If you decide to classify some or all of your workers
anxious to find additional revenue sources theseas employees, this is what you have to look forward
days.  The IRS estimates that one in seven U.S.to:
employers is guilty of misclassifying some of its- You must withhold income tax and your
employees, resulting in a loss of more than $4.1 billion aemployee’s portion of social security and Medicare
year in tax revenues.  These days the question is notaxes.
longer "if" you'll get audited for employee- You are also responsible for paying social security,
misclassification it's "when".Medicare, and unemployment (FUTA) taxes on your
For businesses facing an audit, the odds favor the IRS.employees’ wages.
A recent report found that 92 percent of the- You must file a Form W-2, Wage and Tax
companies audited for "misclassification" were hit withStatement, showing the amount of taxes withheld
significant penalties and assessed for back taxes.from your employees’ pay. The Form W-2 is used
Between 1988 and 1995, the IRS audited more thanby employers to:
13,000 businesses, reclassified 500,000 of their- Report wages, tips and other compensation paid to
independent contractors as employees, and leviedan employee
$830 million in back taxes and penalties.- To report the employee's income tax and Social
Making matters worse, sometimes the variousSecurity taxes withheld and any advanced earned
agencies disagree.  For instance, here in Californiaincome credit payments
there are several state agencies involved with the- To report wage information to the employee, the
determination of independent contractor status:  (1)Internal Revenue Service and the Social Security
the Employment Development Department (EDD),Administration
which is concerned with employment-related taxes, (2)QuickBooks handles W-2's differently based on which
the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement (DLSE),payroll subscription you've chosen.  There are three
which is concerned with whether the wage, hour andoptions available:
workers’ compensation insurance laws apply; (3)- Basic Payroll:  No tax forms, only reports that your
the Franchise Tax Board (FTB), which is concernedaccountant can use to prepare them
with state income taxes; (4) the Division of- Enhanced Payroll: Includes all federal and many state
Workers’ Compensation (DWC), which istax forms, you pay taxes and file forms
concerend with worker's compensation; and (5)- Assisted Payroll: Intuit handles your payroll taxes for
sometimes even the Contractors State Licensingyou
Board (CSLB), that also have regulations orIf you decide to classify some or all of your workers
requirements concerning independent contractors as independent contractors, there isn't as much
and it's not uncommon for one to rule that a worker ispaperwork but there are some reporting requirements:
an employee while another rules that the same worker- You may be required to file Form 1099-MISC,
is an independent contractor.Miscellaneous Income, to report what you have paid to
Because the potential liabilities and penalties are soyour independent contractors.  The Form 1099-MISC
significant if an individual is treated as an independentis:
contractor and later found to be an employee, each- Used to report payments made in the course of a
individual working relationship needs to be thoroughlytrade or business to another person or business who
analyzed to make sure every single worker is properlyis not an employee
classified.  Now is not the time to group classes of- Required among other things, when payments of $10
employees together.  Just because one of youror more in gross royalties or $600 or more in rents or
workers qualifies as an independent contractor, don'tcompensation are paid
assume that all the others doing similar work will.- Provided by the payer to the IRS and the person or
It all boils down to control - does your business havebusiness that received the payment.
control or the right to control the worker both as to theYou do not have to withhold taxes from your
work done and the manner and means in which it isindependent contractors’ pay.  They are
performed? The IRS breaks control down into threeresponsible for paying their own income tax and
categories:  behavioral control, financial control, andself-employment tax.
relationship of the parties. It is very important toIf setup properly, QuickBooks can help you track all the
consider all the facts for every single one of yourinformation needed for 1099's.  Here's how:
worker relationships – no single fact provides the- Turn on 1099 preference
answer.- Edit > Preferences > Tax: 1099 > Company
Behavioral ControlPreferences tab, check box next to Do you file
These facts show whether there is a right to direct or1099-Misc forms and select accounts you use to pay
control how the worker does the work.subcontractors next to Box 7
- Instructions - if your business has the right to direct orSetup subcontractors as 1099 vendors
control the work, even if you don't actually exercise- Double-click on vendor, select Additional Info tab,
the right, it can lead to an employee classification. check box next to Vendor eligible for 1099
Here are a few examples of what's consideredManage reporting process
control:- Vendors > Print 1099’s/1096
- how, when, or where to do the workIn the end, how to classify your workers is a business
- what tools or equipment to usedecision that only you can make.  You may save
- what assistants to hire to help with the workmoney upfront by classifying them as independent
- where to purchase supplies and servicescontractors, but you could end up paying much more in
Training - if your business provides training aboutthe long run if they are reclassified.  Protect yourself
required procedures and methods it may beas much as possible with a paper trail - contracts,
considered an indication that the business wants theagreements, written answers to the questions listed
work done in a certain way, which can lead to anabove.  You might even  consider requiring your
employee classificationindependent contractors to prove you with
Financial Controldocumentation that they are actually operating a small
These facts show whether there is a right to direct orbusiness themselves, such as a business license, Doing
control the business part of the work. Here are a fewBusiness As (DBA) or Tax ID number from the IRS.
questions to ask yourself:If you need additional assistance, please call our
- Does the worker has unreimbursed businessQuickBooks technical support line at 888-351-5285. We
expenses?are here to help you get the most out of QuickBooks!